UK National Insurance

UK national insurance is payable on your earnings, as a percentage of your gross pay.

Generally you will be required to pay national insurance contributions if you are employed in the UK, over 16 and under state pension age and your earnings are more than the Earnings Threshold(amount you can earn up to without having to make national insurance contributions).

National insurance is a state requirement for things like the National Health Service, state pensions, unemployment benefit (Jobseeker's Allowance) and Maternity pay. In the event that you require one of these state benefits, as you have paid or been treated as paying national insurance, you will be entitled to receive them, providing certain conditions are met.

A national insurance number is issued just before your 16th birthday and is used to monitor your national insurance contributions and any benefits you might receive.

National Insurance for the Self Employed
Generally you will have to pay Class 2 national insurance if you are self employed, which are payable at a flat rate weekly, or monthly or quarterly by direct debit.

Voluntary National Insurance Contributions (Class 3).
There may be gaps in your national insurance payments which can affect the amount of state pension you receive upon retirement and also other state benefits. To try to avoid this it may be a good idea to make voluntary national insurance contributions. This is known as Class 3 national insurance contributions.

For current UK national insurance contributions thresholds and rates please visit HM Revenue and Customs.

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